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so if you just write down the link bit

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that lee / 10 like the letter 3k 7 p-7

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that's where I've uploaded a lot of

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videos my syllabus the you know all

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sorts of just resources on teaching and

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so there's a whole little drop box

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that's about a gigabyte big I'm only

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going to leave it up for about a week so

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you should pull the materials down if

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you want them sooner rather than later

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is my advice on that okay sounds good

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it's also at the end you know okay um

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yes so the first thing when I like kind

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of lessons when I thought about like

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what made the course successful I think

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is and like everyone knows this but I'm

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just going to say it again is to make it

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relevant make it relevant to their lives

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make it relevant you know bring up

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current science discussions bring up you

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know science in the media and various

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things and that'll make them a lot more

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interested in hearing what you have to

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say also astrobiology great way to

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connect all the sciences right so

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connect all the sciences show them the

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process of science and how and how that

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happens I mean it also in courses like

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this I feel like this might be the last

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science course they ever take in their

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life so take that seriously you know I

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think it's far less important that they

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learn astrobiology and instead that they

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learn the process of science and able to

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you know skeptically look at you know

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claims you know pro and against things

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in the media when they're making their

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decisions and I would say don't let this

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guy is a typo don't shy don't shy away

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from life lessons because again this is

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you know this is a your one chance to

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connect with these students and your

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mentor to them so you know don't shy

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away from talking about various things

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that they might find useful in addition

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to the science which I'll talk about at

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the end so the first thing with

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scientific literacy is I think you need

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to realize that most people have

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misconceptions way more basic than what

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you

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think way more basic so for example

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twenty-five percent of americans don't

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know that the Earth orbits the Sun and

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yes I have interviewed one of these

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people so I didn't even I wasn't even

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aware that this was a common

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misconception until I did what's called

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an informational interview which I

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highly recommend you do you basically

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find a friend you know our parent or you

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know friend in a different field than

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you and you just probe what they know

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about something I was probing about the

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seasons and about the orbit of the Sun

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and I even gave the answer away to this

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person I was interviewing I said we know

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the Earth orbits the Sun please draw for

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me what that looks like and to his

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credit he did not trust what I told him

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he said oh no no I don't think the Earth

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orbits a Sun I was like oh really tell

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me more you know and he was like I think

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the earth is out here and he drew this

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picture for me it's great to have them

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draw pictures because you there they

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actually have to like think about it and

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kind of draw their schematic so you know

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you have some scrap pick your scrap

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paper he drew the earth like here and

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he's like maybe goes a little to the

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left or to the right but the year is

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caused by the rotation of the earth that

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was his you know imagining of it and

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furthermore previously about 20 minutes

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before that an interview when I had

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asked about the seasons he drew like the

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Sun and the earth down here with the

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northern hemisphere pointed towards the

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Sun and the southern hemisphere here and

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the earth was rotating kind of on its

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top like that to describe the season's

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end so he had described the day the

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earth the year and the seasons all by

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the rotation and it was just a very

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complicated rotation in his brain so you

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need to know that and then yeah so 55

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and fifty percent of americans don't

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know that it takes a year to go around

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so when you're in your classes like you

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need to woo d scope and and realize that

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your students might have these things

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and yet and even less understand the

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seasons or evolution so i uploaded these

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two videos in the link yes they're

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really good i highly recommend about

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like teaching methodology but it's a

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private university of mainz of our own

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it's really great because it makes one

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of harvard students where they ask them

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to you know graduating seniors to

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describe the seasons and like no one

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knows how to do it and

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in physics majors he's like yeah I took

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general relativity blah blah blah and

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the seasons are this and it was

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completely wrong so I i highly recommend

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you know watching these videos and and

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considering that you need to know what

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your students don't know or what their

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misunderstanding before you can actually

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teach them and so often it as teachers

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we think of students and children as

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like these open vessels ready for our

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knowledge you know but they're not they

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have conceptions of how the world works

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and you know they have experiences and

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until you show them why their idea

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doesn't work for the seasons they will

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never take in new information that's

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like the big takeaway from those two

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videos yeah and then also I think

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understanding the process of science is

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really good I for my course I used

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Robert hazen's books two of his books

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and I think he really does a good job of

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showing like how our scientific

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processes or how science done like how

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is the question asked what are the

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obstacles along the way how does this

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lead to new questions and to me that's

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how I learned like the process of

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science was just basically kind of

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reading historical science sort of been

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yet again similarly but this is more of

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like a philosophical religious point

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don't ignore what your students believe

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so you know human so when when people I

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think this is actually the opposite of

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what I said here human beings as we know

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them today develop from earlier species

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forty-eight percent that was true

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there's a major political divide oh yeah

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here and then but if you ask them if you

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just change if you say according to the

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theory of evolution so this is not about

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what I believe but what does the theory

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say then 71 % say it's true you know

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that point to the theory of evolution

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human beings as we know them today

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develop from our earlier species and

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Republicans actually had a much higher

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percent of that being correct though

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they had a lower percent of leaving it

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was true so they were more aware of what

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the correct theory is so you when you're

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teaching you need to again show them why

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we think this why do we think evolution

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because otherwise they'll answer the

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correct answer on the test but they

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might not like actually take it to heart

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and so the basic outline of my course is

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I decide you could you teach gesture

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biology a whole number of ways because

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there's so many topics but this is what

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I settled on as I did half on prebiotic

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chemistry and half on finding life in

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the outer solar system on other planets

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and I used these two books for the first

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part the story of Earth and Genesis by

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Robert Hazen I really like them because

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of the process of science and then for

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the second half I used how to find a

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habitable planet by Jim casting and then

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just like my own research because that's

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what I'm interested in and in for the

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like general course outline i decided to

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do half of the course being activities

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half the course you know discussions

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debates in class labs sort of thing in

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half the class was lectures and and that

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you dub astrobiology activities magnet

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which i uploaded to the dropbox has a

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huge array of activities already just

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ready for you you don't even need to do

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the work and we discussed you know other

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such articles in like astrobiology

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journal like on the moral status of ET

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and and we did a reenactment of two

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famous debates thallon hills me to write

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debate in the apex shirt debate which i

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think is really great because the one

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guy who is aunty on the one side was

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really on the defense on the other one

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in the exact same I mean he made the

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exact same mistake he was complaining

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about so that's really good uh-huh and

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then yeah Grady I mean this is boring I

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I had two papers and then an artistic

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timeline of earth kind of project where

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they had to show the geological time

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scale and then site and somehow

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artistically represent various time

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points of life's evolution it was kind

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of fun i also had weekly cuisine o's

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like small little quizzes that take like

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ten minutes over the reading so they had

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to come to class having read it like

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force them to come to class having read

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everything and then i had a final group

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presentation on a sci-fi book where they

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analyzed astrobiology and that little

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thing is online now is from TY robinson

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actually gave me that idea but it was

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really fun i must say so what happened

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basically the course went really well

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the course got 4.97 out of 5 from 19

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students as an average and almost all

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commented on little life nuggets of

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wisdom part

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I included which is about five percent

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of the total class time so I spent

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between 20 and 40 minutes and four

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separate and four lectures throughout

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the entire semester talking about this

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and this is what I talked about oh

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here's actually some quotes from reviews

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I don't know if I can even create a full

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list I feel like the class needs to be

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retitled life on earth beyond and little

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general life advice what stuck with me

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the most was looking at science at the

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process yay you know continually

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discovering and probing disposing and

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refining of ideas with all the

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complications of human error due to pair

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times and prejudices I learned so much

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from the class was about science and how

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to succeed confidence public speaking

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etc there are little lots of little

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nuggets I will remember and apply to my

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life such as power poses in the impostor

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syndrome and you know they also this

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won't mentioned one of my other points

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which was on females on science so the

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court the lecture I gave on science and

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feminism was the best always my class

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interesting after this of course again

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it's awesome so I felt like this was if

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I had to say what connected with

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students it was this five percent of the

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class you know and this is like way out

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of the scope of what most science

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college classes do it was kind of a

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little mini experiment for me and I was

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like these are things I care about I'm

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going to tie them in somehow to the port

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led the point in the course that we're

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at and it really resonated with all the

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students and like out of the 19 reviews

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I got almost I don't know like 16 to 18

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of them mentioned something like this so

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the person i get i did was paradigms and

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I tied this in with the debates when we

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were talking about the two debates how

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the one guy could clearly see the faults

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and the other research but then when it

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came to his own could not see the exact

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same problems which is just awesome and

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I had them share examples with how they

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themselves had paradigm blocks does

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everyone know what a paradigm is it's

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basically how comes back to this

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misconception idea your worldview and

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your what you think already influences

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what you can even perceive or or see

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you're just going to throw out data that

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disagrees with you and you're going to

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readily take and data that agrees with

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you

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and this happens to scientists happens

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to business people it happens

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politicians I mean happens everywhere in

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life and so we talked about this a lot

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in the class and then I have there's a

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so the videos are there's a video link

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at the end which has one of these

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paradigm videos that you can like go

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online to their their website and stream

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the whole thing but the video itself is

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really expensive so I didn't upload that

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but you can find it on interlibrary loan

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so so yeah right we read what we have we

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have a preconceived idea of how English

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and words work and we read them without

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actually reading them carefully this

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happens in scientific data all the time

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if you don't believe it just wait it'll

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happen to you but also you can see about

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it when you look at historical science

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examples this is you know the challah

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constant basically this was taken from a

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course I tf2 at Harvard from that

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Professor but he said always confident

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never correct and basically you know

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everyone went around like oh this is you

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know how about concert oh yeah so we'll

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get all values close to that oh no it's

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actually down here okay no it's actually

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down here oh yeah yeah it's all here and

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so we tend to find values for data that

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fit with data that's already been

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published you know even though maybe

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they could have had a better value

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earlier on and so this is again just

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like a paradigm idea similarly my

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advisor demitasse a slob when he first

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heard about the first exoplanet so this

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was a hot Jupiter a Jupiter that's very

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big planet or being very close to the

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star it had an orbit of four days

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previously in planetary formation models

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they thought you first had to be like

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way out in the outer solar system where

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there was ice and dust so at like ten a

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you so he saw this figure he talked to

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the michelle maher and michelle told him

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it's a four day orbit and my advisor

339
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could not here for days like it was

340
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impossible for him to take in four days

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because his idea of Jupiter's was that

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they're far out and so he heard 400 days

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and he was like 400 days 400

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and he talked to his wife that night

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he's like this is ridiculous this can't

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be true no plan no jupiter-sized planet

347
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could be at 400 days that's way too

348
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close that's near Earth's orbit it needs

349
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to be even further out and then imagine

350
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has surprised the next day when he was

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at the conference and it like was driven

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home no this planet's super closest star

353
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and he was just like how did I even miss

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that I talked to the talk to the guy for

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20 minutes so then the second thing I

356
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talked about was why everyone should

357
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become a feminist I have a whole bunch

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of women in science resources at this

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link which again you can just see on the

360
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on the slides when you get it and where

361
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I show like about a lot of the

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peer-reviewed studies so I'm interested

363
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in you know not necessarily just

364
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anecdotal stuff but what is the data and

365
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and you probably are familiar with this

366
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study but if you're not it's fascinating

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/ terrifying where they had the same

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resume but they just put different names

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John and Jennifer on it they sent it out

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to physics biology and chemistry

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professors and they had the professor's

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rank the resumes based on higher ability

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competence mentor ability and they give

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them the female a twelve percent lower

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starting salary and ranked her lower on

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everything else even though it's the

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exact same word for word resume and this

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is in 2012 with you know across the

379
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sciences across from public and private

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universities did not matter the age of

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the professor evaluating it didn't

382
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matter the tenure status didn't matter

383
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the gender of the professor evaluating

384
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it didn't matter we all have these

385
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biases and so there's a whole bunch of

386
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other resources which I have online but

387
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you know we talked a bit about that and

388
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specifically it's brought up in hazen's

389
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books so I tied that end win when we got

390
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to that part the second I don't know how

391
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I really tied this into the course I

392
00:15:04,770 --> 00:15:02,080
just think it's so important for young

393
00:15:07,620 --> 00:15:04,780
people to know is the power of compound

394
00:15:09,060 --> 00:15:07,630
interest IE open a roth IRA and I think

395
00:15:11,700 --> 00:15:09,070
I tied this into the funding of science

396
00:15:14,610 --> 00:15:11,710
somehow tangentially but you should all

397
00:15:17,010 --> 00:15:14,620
have a roth IRA if you don't because of

398
00:15:19,770 --> 00:15:17,020
this table particularly take a close

399
00:15:21,600 --> 00:15:19,780
look investor and investor be and see

400
00:15:24,210 --> 00:15:21,610
what the end result is based on when you

401
00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:24,220
invest money in a retirement account I'm

402
00:15:27,060 --> 00:15:25,510
not going to go over this this is

403
00:15:29,460 --> 00:15:27,070
something you can look at on the slides

404
00:15:31,260 --> 00:15:29,470
but that was something I tied into my

405
00:15:33,150 --> 00:15:31,270
lectures just as kind of like an FYI

406
00:15:34,770 --> 00:15:33,160
I you know if you're over 18 you're

407
00:15:37,070 --> 00:15:34,780
almost already too late so get going

408
00:15:38,940 --> 00:15:37,080
write it right as soon as possible and

409
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the last thing because they gave a

410
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public speaking presentation at the end

411
00:15:45,900 --> 00:15:43,540
I tied in public speaking in

412
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presentation skills and we watch this

413
00:15:50,190 --> 00:15:47,770
TED talk which if you haven't seen it

414
00:15:51,930 --> 00:15:50,200
it's fantastic to Amy Cuddy's TED talk

415
00:15:56,310 --> 00:15:51,940
and power poses how many of you have

416
00:16:00,450 --> 00:15:56,320
seen it yeah so like a third basically

417
00:16:02,610 --> 00:16:00,460
in a nutshell standing like this two

418
00:16:04,410 --> 00:16:02,620
minutes before you give a presentation

419
00:16:07,980 --> 00:16:04,420
like what I just did in the bathroom

420
00:16:09,990 --> 00:16:07,990
during the break before coming on will

421
00:16:12,110 --> 00:16:10,000
lower your cortisol and raise your

422
00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:12,120
testosterone which basically makes you

423
00:16:16,080 --> 00:16:14,410
come across as being more confident and

424
00:16:17,970 --> 00:16:16,090
and its really really fascinating

425
00:16:20,310 --> 00:16:17,980
research they show even people who have

426
00:16:22,110 --> 00:16:20,320
been blind from birth when they win at a

427
00:16:23,640 --> 00:16:22,120
physical competition raise their hands

428
00:16:25,980 --> 00:16:23,650
up in this position even if they've

429
00:16:28,380 --> 00:16:25,990
never seen it done before and it's like

430
00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:28,390
cross-cultural and this is basically

431
00:16:32,550 --> 00:16:30,700
just a simple way that you can influence

432
00:16:33,780 --> 00:16:32,560
your own body chemistry before a job

433
00:16:35,850 --> 00:16:33,790
interview they did this in double-blind

434
00:16:37,290 --> 00:16:35,860
job interview studies preferentially the

435
00:16:40,860 --> 00:16:37,300
people who did this power pose were

436
00:16:43,170 --> 00:16:40,870
chosen so very interesting and so we did

437
00:16:44,660 --> 00:16:43,180
that just general preparation for

438
00:16:47,100 --> 00:16:44,670
teaching if you're astronomers

439
00:16:48,930 --> 00:16:47,110
definitely or you know because it says

440
00:16:50,550 --> 00:16:48,940
mathema mathematicians anyone really can

441
00:16:52,290 --> 00:16:50,560
go to this but it's particularly

442
00:16:54,150 --> 00:16:52,300
designed for astronomers it's the CAE

443
00:16:56,910 --> 00:16:54,160
workshop that's two days before every

444
00:16:58,170 --> 00:16:56,920
double AS event I would definitely

445
00:16:59,520 --> 00:16:58,180
recommend taking a public speaking

446
00:17:02,490 --> 00:16:59,530
course I would watch some of the videos

447
00:17:03,810 --> 00:17:02,500
i uploaded i really like the the

448
00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:03,820
teaching company's origins of life

449
00:17:07,920 --> 00:17:05,770
lectures by hazen that's how I kind of

450
00:17:09,090 --> 00:17:07,930
just learned what about prebiotic

451
00:17:11,040 --> 00:17:09,100
chemistry because I don't know anything

452
00:17:12,690 --> 00:17:11,050
about prebiotic chemistry and so that

453
00:17:15,390 --> 00:17:12,700
was a really useful course for me and

454
00:17:16,890 --> 00:17:15,400
then I put the the link here for that a

455
00:17:18,930 --> 00:17:16,900
paradigm video that's really expensive

456
00:17:20,820 --> 00:17:18,940
but you can watch the whole thing for

457
00:17:22,230 --> 00:17:20,830
free online it's like old all these

458
00:17:24,630 --> 00:17:22,240
videos are older but they're also good

459
00:17:26,190 --> 00:17:24,640
so I recommend all those and then I put

460
00:17:37,119 --> 00:17:26,200
the link down here and like i said i'll

461
00:17:45,080 --> 00:17:42,649
questions yeah Sarah thank you that was

462
00:17:46,849 --> 00:17:45,090
fantastic the only thing I didn't catch

463
00:17:49,700 --> 00:17:46,859
is how you got involved in the first

464
00:17:51,019 --> 00:17:49,710
place in developing this course and like

465
00:17:52,759 --> 00:17:51,029
so since you did it tough but you're at

466
00:17:54,739 --> 00:17:52,769
Harvard how would that how could we do

467
00:17:57,619 --> 00:17:54,749
that same kind of thing teach those kind

468
00:18:00,440 --> 00:17:57,629
of courses yes so I think uh so the

469
00:18:03,109 --> 00:18:00,450
first point how you can I think

470
00:18:07,369 --> 00:18:03,119
universities love it to get like really

471
00:18:09,499 --> 00:18:07,379
low paid labor so so this course for

472
00:18:10,970 --> 00:18:09,509
example i get paid more being a teaching

473
00:18:13,099 --> 00:18:10,980
assistant at harvard than i did for

474
00:18:14,479 --> 00:18:13,109
getting this course you know i think i

475
00:18:16,070 --> 00:18:14,489
think that for the whole semester was

476
00:18:18,049 --> 00:18:16,080
three thousand dollars i put weight you

477
00:18:20,119 --> 00:18:18,059
know more effort than than three

478
00:18:21,590 --> 00:18:20,129
thousand dollars into it because it's

479
00:18:23,720 --> 00:18:21,600
like you're the course head but it was

480
00:18:25,849 --> 00:18:23,730
super impactful for me so i recommend

481
00:18:27,619 --> 00:18:25,859
doing it and i think so you can just ask

482
00:18:29,029 --> 00:18:27,629
your neighboring universities if kind of

483
00:18:31,779 --> 00:18:29,039
like you're an adjunct you know you just

484
00:18:34,999 --> 00:18:31,789
come in and teach this class you can

485
00:18:37,639 --> 00:18:35,009
submit a proposal i particularly did

486
00:18:39,529 --> 00:18:37,649
this through a program that Tufts has to

487
00:18:40,639 --> 00:18:39,539
so they have this program called the

488
00:18:44,239 --> 00:18:40,649
experimental college where they

489
00:18:47,149 --> 00:18:44,249
particularly invite professionals and

490
00:18:48,680 --> 00:18:47,159
people with experience in from around

491
00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:48,690
the community so there were judges

492
00:18:54,320 --> 00:18:51,210
talking about supreme court cases or you

493
00:18:56,389 --> 00:18:54,330
know other sorts of classes that were

494
00:18:58,609 --> 00:18:56,399
timely in and on topic so i applied

495
00:19:00,019 --> 00:18:58,619
through that program and was accepted in

496
00:19:02,239 --> 00:19:00,029
through that program and then my course

497
00:19:05,629 --> 00:19:02,249
was actually offered for credit at tufts

498
00:19:07,879 --> 00:19:05,639
under the for a natural sciences credit

499
00:19:10,729 --> 00:19:07,889
for their majors not all courses are but

500
00:19:12,799 --> 00:19:10,739
so i think you can i think basically

501
00:19:14,029 --> 00:19:12,809
then there was maybe some conflict of

502
00:19:15,889 --> 00:19:14,039
interest and being paid as a grad

503
00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:15,899
student but i'm also giving some of my

504
00:19:20,989 --> 00:19:18,210
time to test so one of my professors

505
00:19:23,690 --> 00:19:20,999
mentioned that but no one else cared I

506
00:19:25,070 --> 00:19:23,700
guess so so in the end it didn't matter

507
00:19:27,859 --> 00:19:25,080
and I just didn't say anything to anyone

508
00:19:32,060 --> 00:19:27,869
about it but I think you can I think you

509
00:19:34,340 --> 00:19:32,070
can probably most colleges don't have an

510
00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:34,350
astrobiology origins of life class so I

511
00:19:39,229 --> 00:19:36,450
think they'd be happy to offer it and

512
00:19:40,639 --> 00:19:39,239
you can and what I love about teaching

513
00:19:41,989 --> 00:19:40,649
your own courses you're not under a

514
00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:41,999
professor you're not teaching physics

515
00:19:46,320 --> 00:19:43,450
101 where you really have to hit

516
00:19:47,909 --> 00:19:46,330
like all these different things you can

517
00:19:50,100 --> 00:19:47,919
teach whatever you want which is why I

518
00:19:58,019 --> 00:19:50,110
was able to put in five percent on other